Awareness
Key Terms: pantheism, light, intromission theory, emission theory, active vision, worldview, conducive properties, the Logos, transcendentals of Truth, Goodness, and Beauty, preparation for the gospel, sublime, wonder, numinous, second naiveté, grotesque, bios vs. zōē, inaugurated eschatology, illumination, glimmer, hidden Christ
Learning Targets:
Explain the theological significance of John’s statement “God is light” (1 John 1:5), including its distinction from physical light and its role in Christian doctrine. Learners will articulate how John uses “light” analogously to describe God’s nature, emphasizing the uniqueness of God and the rejection of pantheism.
Identify and analyze the four senses of “light” in John’s writings: Truth, Goodness, Beauty, and Life. Learners will be able to locate scriptural references for each sense and explain how these qualities are manifested in the life and teachings of Jesus.
Compare biblical and cultural understandings of light, including the contrast between the biblical Creator and creation, and neighboring cultures that equated gods with the Sun. Learners will discuss how Psalm 104 and other texts distinguish the biblical view from Egyptian and other ancient beliefs.
Describe the metaphorical and literal uses of light in biblical literature, and explain how Jesus employs light as a symbol in his teachings (e.g., lamp, Sun, “light of the world”). Learners will interpret key passages and discuss the implications for spiritual life and practice.
Summarize the scientific understanding of physical light and relate it to the metaphorical use of light in Scripture. Learners will explain basic properties of light (wave-particle duality, speed, vision) and reflect on how scientific mystery parallels theological mystery.
Analyze the concept of “true light” as a sphere of loving community, contrasting it with darkness as hatred and death. Learners will discuss how abiding in light is connected to ethical living and relationships, referencing 1 John and the Nicene Creed.
Evaluate the philosophical and theological implications of “light” as a transcendent property—connecting Truth, Goodness, and Beauty—and discuss how these transcendentals point to God. Learners will explore the role of the Logos, the interplay of metaphysical concepts, and the invitation to participate in divine life.